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81. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 3 > Issue: Part 1
Natalie Depraz Attention et affection: la micro-genèse husserlienne de l’attention à la lumière des perspectives empiriques de Stumpf et de James, de Külpe et de Titchener
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Husserl’s genetic phenomenology is relied on to make sense of the emergence of attention such as it arises, on the one hand, from bodily gestures and, on the other hand, according to the hypothesis of attentionality as a modulation such as it has begun to be developed through the historical and contemporary contributions of psychology and neurobiology. We attempt to show how the static framework initially advanced is in continuity with the genetic logic that allows us to deepen the hypothesis in questions by confronting the empirical analyses of Stumpf, James, Kulpe, and Tichner.
82. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 3 > Issue: Part 1
Hans Rainer Sepp, Ion Copoeru Preface for All Volumes + Introduction
83. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 3 > Issue: Part 1
Denisa Butnaru The Field of Relevances and the Constitutive Role of Type Structure for Sociality
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In this communication we have tried to underline the main ideas in the constitution of the system of relevances, using as a support Alfred Schutz’s approach. Their importance in the consolidation of experience at the subjective and especially intersubjective level is to be understood as well in terms of a continuous constitution that they engender. They entertain a relation of interdependence with types and the typification processes. This aspect is also important because it confirms the mobility of the significative “organization” of the consciousness, and more than that, the interaction between this one and the surrounding world, where the other subjects are as well to be included.
84. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 3 > Issue: Part 1
Jad Hatem The Unavoidable: Notes on the Relation of Otherwise than Being to The Essence of Manifestation
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In this essay the author will try to show that the transition from Otherwise than Being to The Essence of Manifestation has necessarily been done under the influence of Henry’s philosophy of immanence, which is highly appreciated by Levinas.
85. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 3 > Issue: Part 1
Valentina Gueorguieva Phenomenology on the Verge: Alfred Schütz’s Phenomenology of Common-Sense World
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The essay explores the thought of Alfred Schutz with regard to his position on Husserlian transcendentalism. Comparing the “paradox of communication” formulated by Schutz in 1945 with Husserl’s treatment of the life-world in §34 of the Crisis, it arrives at the question of practicing the phenomenological method (the reduction) in the field of the social sciences. As this problem pushes the phenomenological paradigm to its limits, Schutz is seen as a borderline figure between the paradigm of perception and the paradigm of action. Th e transition is illustrated in the example of his idea of “stock of knowledge.”
86. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 3 > Issue: Part 1
Joan González Fenomenología Estática de los Actos de Compra
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In this paper we intend to lay the grounds for a Phenomenology of money. We start from the pre-theoretical comprehension of money as an “entity for”, that is to say, as a tool. Within this pre-theoretical comprehension, money is always understood according to its teleology (money is always “something to buy with”). Also, in this pre-theoretical framework money is hardly ever defined as “something to sell with”, or as “something being the result of my work”. Thus, in our daily experience the being of money becomes undistinguishable with the act of purchasing, which in turn underlines the deeply projective nature of money’s essence. In order to grasp this projective quality, we will have to develop a phenomenlogy of the purchasing act. “To purchase” is “to get something by means of money”. But, what is this thing that we get anyway? Whatever it is, it has a distinctive character: it is a merchandise. Through the appropiate phenomenologial descriptions, we will try to show how the description of the spatiality of the merchandise is essential to understand the effects of money upon the spatiality of the surrounding world.
87. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 3 > Issue: Part 1
Domenico Jervolino The Gift of Languages: Towards a Philosophy of Translation
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On the route towards a philosophy of translation inspired by Paul Ricoeur’s phenomenological hermeneutics, my working hypothesis is that thinking about translation is fertile for a deeper understanding of the meaning of interpretation and of phenomenology. Language, languages, and translation enter into the very heart of the constitution of sense. The free gift of language and of languages permits us to have access to the world and to meet the other. In this way a phenomenological hermeneutics of translation can help us to realize that humanity, just like language, exists only in the plural mode.
88. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 3 > Issue: Part 1
Pavlos Kontos Phenomenology of Moral Action after Heidegger
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This essay suggests that it is possible to develop a phenomenology of moral action modeled upon Aristotelian ethics. Focusing on the debt owed by phenomenology to Heidegger and his hermeneutics of Aristotelian ethics, we will argue for the two following theses: a) One of the main contributions of Aristotelian ethics is that it provides an account of moral action in terms of perception; b) Heidegger pointed out this contribution, but to the extent that he concealed its perceptual character, he did not prove faithful to the project of a phenomenology of moral action.
89. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 3 > Issue: Part 1
Danielle Lories From Aesthetic Judgment to Aesthetic Attitude: Kant and Husserl
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It is sometimes claimed that Husserl’s writings provide an inspiration for considering art today. More specifically we ask here whether Husserl’s description of the aesthetic attitude is rich and original. The comparisons he draws between the aesthetic attitude and the phenomenological attitude always aim to clarify the phenomenological attitude and thus take it for granted that the typical features of the aesthetic attitude are well known. In this way Husserl presupposes and retrieves the teaching of Kant, although in certain working notes he clarifies and intensifies the formal characteristics of Kant’s description of the aesthetic judgment.
90. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 3 > Issue: Part 1
César Moreno Phenomena and Manifestos: Phenomenology at the Horizon of Vanguardism
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Th e aim of this contribution is to think about contemporary phenomenology in comparison to its vanguard between 1910 and 1935. This encounter would have been fruitful and possibly transgressive for Husserl’s Phenomenology and that of others. Husserl and Heidegger provided an immense “openness of phenomenality,” the consequences of which were not noticed by themselves with enough lucidity. For this reason, today it would be interesting to think that this encounter, which in fact never took place, between contemporary phenomenology and its vanguard, that is, between phenomena and manifestos, is an attempt to pay an historical debt.
91. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 3 > Issue: Part 1
Jesús M. Díaz Álvarez Transcendental Phenomenology and the Psychological-Phenomenological Reduction in Aron Gurwitsch
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This article tries to explain the relationship between transcendental phenomenology and psychology, particularly phenomenological psychology, in the work of Aron Gurwitsch. Following Husserl, Gurwitsch shows the paradoxes of phenomenological psychology and the necessity to perform the transcendental reduction in order to overcome them. This technical issue will help us to see in a very clear way why Gurwitsch is a transcendental phenomenologist and why, from a Husserlian and Gurwitschean point of view, every philosophy that remains in the natural attitude—and for the author of The Field of Consciousness this is the case of the philosophy of existence (Heidegger, Sartre, Merleau-Ponty)—is not philosophy in the more radical sense of the word.
92. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 1 > Issue: Part 2
Musubu Ohtaki The Phases of the Unconscious
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From The Structure of Behavior to his later philosophy, Merleau-Ponty reflected on the unconscious. This paper first points out the topological concepts in Merleau-Ponty’s later philosophy. Then, the paper traces how Merleau-Ponty defines the unconscious. In this regard, concepts concerning “negativity” plays an important role in his topological way of thinking. Freud’s and Heidegger’s ideas will also be examined with regard to this negativity. We will recognize that the key concepts in Merleau-Ponty’s later philosophy such as flesh, hinge, and hollowness result from the topological structures created by reversibility between negation and non-negation. Finally, the paper confirms that the structures found in the unconscious and dreams should be understood based on structural ontology in Merleau-Ponty’s last writings.
93. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 1 > Issue: Part 2
Wei-Lun Lee Contacting and Enacting “Self for being Ethical”: A Model for Psychotherapy Practiced in Taiwan
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The local healing modes in Taiwan for psychological suffering can be called as “ethical care,” i.e., they emphasize people’s suffering in their ethical predicaments and, therefore, find ways to re-order the interpersonal constellations. In accordance with ethical care, psychotherapy practiced in Taiwan should focus on the “self for being ethical,” the acting agent concerned mostly with the interpersonal ordering in its life. To advance the significance of ethical care, the assumption of the individuality of the most dominant theories of psychotherapy, which mostly target on ego functioning, is discussed, and an illustration of psychotherapy as ethical care is also provided.
94. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 1 > Issue: Part 2
Tatsuya Nishiyama Retrait à traduire: (vers une confrontation entre Heidegger et Derrida)
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In the 1978 essay “Le retrait de la metaphore” – a text that constitutes a part of his well-known debate on the notion of metaphor with Paul Ricoeur – Jacques Derrida discusses the peculiar translatability of the French word “retrait.” It is a word that plays an important role in the French reception of Heidegger's thought, not only as a translation for “Entzug” (withdrawal, removal), but also as an indicator of the very translatability of Heidegger’s thought. This paper discusses the challenge proposed by Derrida to Heidegger’s thought on translation, on the basis of a reflection – and translation – of the word “retrait.” Derrida adopts a strategy of re-translating and counter-translating the word “retrait.” Such a praxis of (re- and counter-) translation is profoundly related to the movement of the “retrait” itself, which opens up a space for the general transformability in language and in the history of metaphysics.
95. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 1 > Issue: Part 2
Notes on Contributors
96. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 1 > Issue: Part 2
Ping-Keung Lui Social Structure as Otherness
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The idea of the Other is mainly a phenomenological invention. Its significance in ontology, ethics, and political philosophy has come to be recognized generally. In theoretical sociology, such recognition is yet to be established. As a first attempt, the paper treats social structure as an otherness. Bayesian duality and Simmelian formalism will be invoked in the course of argument. It is hoped that the sociological demand for technicalities does not suffocate an appreciation of its phenomenological comportment.
97. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 1 > Issue: Part 2
Wen-Sheng Wang Art as a Way of the Recovery from Techne to Ethos: Phenomenological Approach to Indigenous Mental Healing in Taiwan
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In this article, I will discuss, regarding the concept of intentionality, Husserl’s and Heidegger’s conception of “natural” and “man-made” parallel to the conception of ethos and techne, and the way from techne to ethos as art. The concept of art in Husserl will be shown in relation to Kant’s conception of “Reflective Judgment.” I have applied this thesis to my research in a mental institution in Taiwan. Heidegger’s position the phenomenological meaning of healing and nursing as ethos, and the way of recovery of ethos from techne, especially from technology, as art are explicated.
98. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 1 > Issue: Part 2
Ichiro Yamaguchi Ki und Du: Versuch einer interkulturellen Phänomenologie
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This paper disputes the claim that the so-called soul-body dualism finds its solution in the analysis of the intersubjectivity from the viewpoint of Husserl’s genetic phenomenology and in the concept of selflessness in the philosophy of Mahayana-Buddhism. The intentionality of instinctual drive as the passive synthesis provides the reason for Husserl’s intersubjectivity and the possibility of Buber’s I-Thou relation. The selflessness in this relation is the concept of Buber’s thou and in Husserl’s intersubjectivity lies in the interesting connection with the non-egological dimension of Buddhism.
99. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 1 > Issue: Part 2
Yusuke Miyazaki The Sublime of Judgment: Kant’s Aesthetics in Deconstruction
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One cannot make a judgment without following any law. Nevertheless, or for this very reason, it is essential that all judgments must be made in the absence of their law. For, in order to follow the law in a proper sense, a judgment needs the absence of law as its own constitutive moment, that is, the freedom which makes this act possible at the very moment that it relates itself to the law in the first place. Faced with this absence, therefore, one must make a judgment by inventing at the same time, as it were, (the relation to) the law which the same judgment is to follow. In “Force of Law,” Derrida (re)opened the ethico-political thinking of deconstruction by taking his departure from this aporetic structure of judgment. The aim of this essay is to recast the question of this aporetic structure of judgment by inquiring into the problematic of Kant’s Critique of Judgment, with which Derrida has not been suffi ciently concerned, and to carve out the aesthetico-political problematic of deconstruction.
100. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 1 > Issue: Part 2
Cheng-yun Tsai Phenomenological Psychology in Taiwan: A Genealogical Approach
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Th is paper is to discuss the idea of genealogical phenomenology by analyzing Taiwanese works of phenomenological psychology, which was brought out by an interdisciplinary project of a group of scholars from both theoretical and practical fields. In contrast to its transcendental turn or hermeneutical turn, phenomenology turns its focus of description from consciousness, or phenomenon, to material condition in the constitution of objective knowledge. And its objectivity becomes genealogical, insofar as the universal form of phenomenology is considered with cultural diversity.