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81. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 2
Bernard T. Han Wisdom. About Harnessing the Power of Wisdom: from Data to Wisdom by Andrew Targowski
82. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 2
Yuri M. Serdyukov Orcid-ID Near Death Experience and Subjective Immortality of Man
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The life of the brain is believed to be a major factor determining the existence of subjective reality during clinical death. The duration of the existence in question cannot be measured in the units of astronomical time for two reasons. Firstly, it is impossible to determine once and for all how long the brain survives after cardiac arrest and termination of breathing. Secondly, the duration of subjective time during near death experience (NDE) differs from that typical of daily regular experience. Immobilization, loss of the sensation of one’s body, state of affect and severe sensory deprivation ensure that consciousness is focused and fixated in and onto itself exclusively which, in its turn, diminish and slacken the course of time so that it expands to eternity and subjective reality goes beyond the usual limits of the temporal “past-present-future” paradigm.
83. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 2
Małgorzata Czarnocka Editorial — Philosophical Problems of the Living World. Dialogue. Wisdom
84. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 2
Krzysztof Chodasewicz Is the Nature of Life Unknown? Predictions in Evolutionary Biology and Defining Life
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Some biologists and philosophers are convinced that no definition of life can be formulated. I polemicize with this skepticism. Especially, I discuss the argumentation of Carol E. Cleland and her co-workers. I demonstrate that the theory of evolution is a proper theoretical foundation for defining life. I show that downgrading the importance of the theory of evolution is not based on the traditional arguments against the scientific character of this theory (e.g. Popper’s argument). New arguments are deduced from the belief that every mature theory of life should explain all forms of life. I also consider conclusions derived from my analysis, showing that they lead to a functionalist view of life.
85. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 2
Konstantin S. Khroutski From Aristotle’s Wisdom to the Contemporary Integralist Wisdom—2400 Years Later
86. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Grigori V. Paramonov Language and Philosophy of Education
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The modern Russian linguistics still accepts V. V. Ivanov’s idea that there cannot be a unified (“uniform”) language for everybody. This view has a direct bearing on problems of education, especially mass education. Peculiarities of language for our contem-poraries arise; the main features of their “language behavior” are determined not only by the education system. It is not necessarily school. The centuries-old language experi-ence of family life, cultural traditions outside families, and, in addition, the quality of “near” and “distant” socio-cultural interaction influence people. Therefore, trying to adjust the language consciousness of pupils to the adopted system of education, the “nominative” Etalon, teacher often gains the opposite effect—strengthening of the forms of language (active, ergative or multi-structured), which he is striving to prohibit. But a multi-systemic multicultural society does not require each person to be the bearer of all possible forms. This requires a philosophy of education based on the modern philosophy of language that supports unprofane training and education and provides safety for the person.
87. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
German V. Melikhov Orcid-ID On the Unrestraint in Beliefs
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This article studies the unrestraint in beliefs associated with the overemphasizing of our beliefs. The author argues that the intolerance for other points of view appears (among other factors) because of a naively-objectivist understanding of philosophy, one which is based on two assumptions: first, philosophy is considered only as a theory and not an individual practice, not an experience, and second, the truth is considered as identical to a certain ideal-objective content that can be in one’s possession.There are true ideas and proper words. If we learn these ideas, we will definitely seize the truth. The author opposes this understanding the notion of philosophy which is based on the experience of the encounter and upon reflexive comprehension of this experience. It is possible to minimize unrestraint in beliefs if we assume that all the points of view including our own are considered as belonging to the incomprehensible Absolute.
88. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Alsu F. Valeeva A Linguistic Paradigm of Ethnoreligious Traditions
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This article deals with the most significant versions of the confessional factor, acting in modern Russian society as a cultural resource of international consent. Analyzing the problem of confessional tolerance, the author traces the reflection of supporting religious values in communicative-speech space of the renewed society.
89. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Athena Salappa-Eliopoulou Music Education and Kalokagathia in the Greek Antiquity
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Kalokagathia (καλοκαγαθία in ancient Greek) is the derived noun from the adjectives kalos k’agathos (καλός = beautiful, κἀγαθός = good or virtuous). The word was used by the ancient Greek writers and philosophers to describe the ideal of a person who combines physical strength and beauty along with a virtuous and noble character. It is the ideal of the personality that harmoniously pairs mind and body abilities and virtues, both in battle and in the activities of the everyday life. Its use is attested in many Greek writings (among them those of Xenophon, Plato and Aristotle), while the notion of kalokagathia imbued the moral thought in antiquity.
90. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Emiliya Tajsina Philosophy: In Search for Knowledge and Ways of Life (2)
91. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Tatyana G. Leshkevich Major Directions of the Analysis of Epistemological Instruments
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The article examines the research of the innovative-oriented scenarios in modern methodology. The innovative-oriented epistemological instruments indicate an opposition between determinism and sociocultural constructivism. Methodology is understood in the context of the technology of activity which is projected onto the innovation sphere in the context of their genesis, adaptability, spread and consumption. The article conceptually analyses epistemological instruments; it considers positive and negative tendencies relating to NIBC (nano-, bio-, info-, cognitive) technologies. The author claims that the modern image of the world includes the sum of technologies which determine the world; the image of the possible future can be called “post-human.”
92. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Panos Eliopoulos The Stoic Cosmopolitanism as a Way of Life
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The word cosmopolitanism is derived from “cosmos” (universe) and “polites” (citizen). The cosmopolite is a citizen of the world. The Stoics elaborate on the theme, using the ideas of oikeiosis and sympathy as its basis, thus drawing from their physics. Particularly, Epictetus defends cosmopolitanism on the assumption that man is akin to God, whereas Marcus Aurelius highlights the common possession of mind (νοῦς) and that man is by nature able for communal life. For the Stoics man is a social being who can be perfected only within the society of other human beings. The brotherhood of men is grounded on the indubitable axiom that the human soul is the source of the unique good, which is virtue. The distinctive parameter for creating a community is virtue, which is an objective for everyone but also an inherent and ecumenical capacity.
93. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Rovshan S. Hajiyev On Globalization and Globalism
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In this paper an attempt is made to comprehend the global historical process. The paper claims that the revolutionary progress in information and communication technologies, integrative tendencies in economic and cultural spheres, problems on safe-guarding, security and peace are not factors of globalization. They are rather social manifestations, which sustain its development. According to author’s position, there is a spiritual factor underlying globalization. The two similar processes/concepts—globalism and globalization—are substantially different from each other.
94. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Adel Ivanova, Valentin Pukhlikov The Heuristic and Methodological Potential of the Concept “Scientific Revolution”
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The concept of revolution in science is widely used in philosophy of science. We believe that the concept of revolution was borrowed from social-political literature and without any philosophical analysis was transferred to history of science. For this reason, attempts to transform that concept into an efficient instrument of building a theory of the development of scientific knowledge cannot be successful. This concept is nothing more than a metaphor for emphasizing empirical and theoretical discoveries of great significance in the history of science.
95. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Elena Yakovleva Epatage as an Element of the Media Performance of Modernity
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The subject of this article is epatage, widely spread in modern culture thanks to digital technologies. Today epatage associated to media performance is deliberately constructed, imposing mass consumerism with a ready-made-fictional image, and operating “anti-values.” There are a lot of causes of the existence of the epatage image which violates certain cultural codes. Meanwhile epatage can be described as a response to certain objective and subjective calls. As a peculiar form of culture, epatage contains both positive and negative pulses.
96. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Charles Brown ISUD News Bulletin
97. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Charles Brown Jens Jacobsen’s Universal Philosophy of Life: Dialogue and the Inclusion of “a Wider Segment of Mankind”
98. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Nathan M. Solodukho Situationality of Being: Principles
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In this paper, the author-developed conception of the “situationality of being,” i.e. the extension of the theory of the “philosophy of nonbeing,” is presented; the generalized definition of the notion “situation” is formulated; and the essence of the “situationality of being” is explained. The conception of the “situationality of being” makes it possible to develop the situational pattern of the world; in accordance with this conception, “the world is the situation of situations,” The world appears before us in the form of one gigantic situation due to the interaction of various situational factors of different level and different qualities, which lead in the long run to a certain situative dynamic balance (the so-called existent world).
99. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Antonina N. Samokhvalova Philosophy of the Early Stoics: the Related as a Tentative Constituent of the Scope of Incorporeal
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The article considers the scope of the early Stoics’ notion of “incorporeal” and the ontological concept of the incorporeal as being incapable of interacting with bodies. First, an interpretation is proposed that the incorporeal is an important part of the con-cept of meaningful conduct of Homo sapiens, as one can trace its direct relationship with his assents, desires and expectations as the elements preceding action. Second, a reconstitution has been suggested, one showing that in the scope of the incorporeal the Stoic system has a concurrent “as is said” type of predicate, or lekton.
100. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 3
Shamil N. Burnaev Concepts of Identity, Spirituality and Spiritual Environment
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In different social and human sciences researchers apply different concepts of personality, spirituality and the spiritual environment. In this paper I propose new definitions of them.