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61. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 4
Carol L. Bargeron On Ghazālīan Epistemology: A Theory
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This work examines, through al-Munqidh, the ways and reasons of al-Ghazālī’s association with skepticism. Was he a skeptic on a Humean model, what was his approach to human knowledge, and what is the nature of al-Ghazālī’s critique of rational knowledge?
62. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 4
Julie S. Meisami, Persian Historiography to the End of the Twelfth Century
63. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 4
Lisa Farooque About Celestial Circulation: Averroes’ Tahafūt al-tahafūt and Aristotle’s De Caelo
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For Averroes, celestial circulation is evidence of a divinely mandated rational universe. This paper follows Averroes’ account on cosmic contact between the eternal and the temporal, in Tahafūt al-tahafūt contra al-Ghazālī. It argues that the polemical perspective of the Tahafūt al-tahafūt frames Averroes’ appeal to Aristotle’s account of cosmic motion. Consequently, Averroes’ exceptional account of the universe contrasts Aristotle’s exemplary account of the mutual participation of intellect and nature. Their accounts of celestial circulation implicate the status of human nature conditioned by cosmic nature. As such, the possibility of human freedom rests on the nature of causality between divine intellect and cosmic manifestation. The convergence and divergence of Aristotle and Averroes regarding celestial circulation reveals Averroes’ politics that guide a rational argument for a strong cosmic causal connection between the unmoved mover and the universe, against al-Ghazālī’s rationally inaccessible divine will.
64. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 4
Saba Fatima An Examination of the Ethics of Submissiveness
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This paper examines the trait of submissiveness within the framework of virtue ethics. Submissiveness is generally regarded as a vice, particularly when evaluated in reference to patriarchal systems. This paper argues that there is something valuable about the trait of submissiveness—when it functions as a virtue—that is lacking in secular contexts, and this lack detracts from the possibilities of a good life.
65. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 4
Aytekin Özel Al-Ghazālī’s Method of Doubt and its Epistemological and Logical Criticism
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The method of doubt has been used in philosophy and theology by both philosophers and theologians, among them al-Ghazālī. Al-Ghazālī’s method conveys the process of how he was cured of his epistemological and existential crisis. This study analyzes each phase of the process in terms of epistemology and logic; it explains the problems and how they appeared to al-Ghazālī.
66. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 5
Mohamad Nasrin Nasir On God’s Names and Attributes: An Annotated Translation from Mullā Ṣadrā’s al-Maẓāhir al-ilāhiyya
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This article examines ḥikma as it was practiced by Ṣadr al-Dīn Shīrāzī, or Mullā Ṣadrā (d. 1640), in explaining the connection between the divine names and the attributes of God. This is done via a translation of the fourth part of his al-Maẓāhir al-ilāhiyya fī asrār al-ʿulūm al-kamāliyya [The loci of divine manifestations in the secrets of the knowledge of perfection]. Ḥikma, philosophy, as it is defined here, is the combination of rational demonstrations and spiritual unveiling. Shīrāzī’s philosophy is a synthesis of Ibn ʿArabī’s school of metaphysical unveiling, the Ishrāqī school led by Suhrawardī, and the rational school of the Peripatetics. The text is translated here for the first time, and includes annotations.
67. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 5
Thérèse-Anne Druart Editorial
68. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 5
Muhammad Hozien A Philosopher’s Toolkit: A Review Essay
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In this review essay we focus on what we call a philosopher’s toolkit: a number of books that will help those studying Islamic philosophy texts. These books are both primers on Islamic philosophy, as well as texts that are essential to keep on one’s desk or in close reach.
69. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 5
Kevjn Lim God’s Knowledge of Particulars: Avicenna, Maimonides, and Gersonides
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This article offers a comparative study of three thinkers from almost as many intellectual and cultural traditions: Avicenna, Maimonides, and Gersonides, and discusses the extent of the knowledge of particulars which each one ascribed to God. Avicenna de-reified Aristotle’s abstract and isolated Prime Mover and argued that God can know particulars but limited these to universals. Maimonides disanalogized divine from human knowledge, arguing that the epistemic mode predicated of mankind cannot be equally predicated of God, and that God knows particulars qua particulars even as his Knowing encompasses all of eternity in a single act of knowledge. Attempting an intermediate path between the former’s highly discursive reasoning and the latter’s more scriptural approach, Gersonides postulated that God can know particulars qua particulars—as is befitting a Perfect Being—but this He does ‘mediately’ as it were, via the emanative ordering comprising the separate intelligences and culminating in the Active Intellect.
70. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 5
Hulya Yaldir Ibn Sīnā and Descartes on the Origins and Structure of the Universe: Cosmology and Cosmogony
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This article begins with an examination of Ibn Sīnā’s conception of emanation and its origin within the Greek and Islamic philosophical traditions. Secondly, I present his view of the multiplicity of the universe from a single unitary First Cause, followed by a discussion of the function of the Active Intellect in giving rise to the existence of the sublunary world and its contents. In the second part of the article, I consider Cartesian cosmology, without, however, going into detail about what Descartes calls the ‘imaginary new world,’ the problems arising from the mechanical worldview. Note is made of the conflict between Descartes and the Scholastic and Orthodox Christian concept of cosmos. This article provides an account and comparison of Ibn Sīnā’s and Descartes’ portrayal of the origins and structure of the universe of both philosophers.
71. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 6
Maria Massi Dakake Hierarchies of Knowing in Mullā Ṣadrā’s Commentary on the Uṣūl al-kāfī
72. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 6
David B. Burrell Mullā Ṣadrā’s Ontology Revisited
73. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 1 > Issue: 1
Harold Chad Hillier Al-Ghazālī’s Argument for the Eternity of the World in Tahāfut al-falāsifa (Discussion One, Proofs 1 and 2a) and the Problem of Divine Immutability and Timelessness
74. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 1 > Issue: 1
Katelin Mason Waḥdat al-wujūd in XXVIII Flashes
75. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 1 > Issue: 1
Laith al-Saud Sayyid Quṭb as an Illuminationist and Existentialist Rather Than a “Fundamentalist”
76. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 1 > Issue: 1
Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas Islamic Philosophy: An Introduction
77. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 1 > Issue: 1
Muhammad Hozien The Introduction of Greek Philosophy in the Muslim World
78. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 1 > Issue: 1
Munawar A. Anees From Knowledge to Nihilism: Redeeming Humility
79. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 1 > Issue: 1
Macksood A. Aftab Primer on Islam and the Problem of Causation, Induction, and Skepticism
80. Journal of Islamic Philosophy: Volume > 1 > Issue: 1
Hajj Muhammad Legenhausen The Proof of the Sincere