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61. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 13 > Issue: 4
E. David Cook, Katherine Wasson The Common Good and Common Harm
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This article offers a critical examination of the notion of the common good in Catholic social ethical teaching, comparing this concept with utilitarianism and examining parallels between them and common critiques of both. Rather than focusing on the common good and trying to reach agreement on its content as a maximum standard for persons and communities in society, we argue that it is preferable to focus on the common harm. The common harm serves as a minimum standard of what causes harm to individuals and communities in society and should be avoided. The common harm provides both a conceptually sound and practically achievable construct for contributing positively to the social ethical discussion in an increasingly secular society. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 13.4 (Winter 2013): 617–623.
62. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 13 > Issue: 4
Pope John Paul II A Call to Safeguard the Human Person: Address to the Participants in the World Congress of Catholic Physicians October 3, 1982
63. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
John S. Howland, MD, Deacon Peter J. Gummere Challenging Common Practice in Advanced Dementia Care: A Fresh Look at Assisted Nutrition and Hydration
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The authors offer a fresh look at the debate about the use of assisted nutrition and hydration (ANH) in advanced dementia. The philosophical and ethical issues are presented. The importance of distinguishing basic care from medical acts is explained. A key question is addressed: Does ANH nourish and hydrate the patient with dementia? The ANH debate is placed in its cultural context and contrasted with the Catholic response. A clinical analysis of the evidence for benefit and harm of ANH in advanced dementia is given. The authors point out the lack of hard evidence against ANH, discuss questions that need further clinical research, and argue that there is sufficient evidence for a presumption, in principle, in favor of ANH in patients with advanced dementia. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 14.1 (Spring 2014): 53–63.
64. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Rev. Richard Umbers Epistemic Authority: A Theory of Trust, Authority, and Autonomy in Belief by Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski
65. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Rachelle Barina Risk-Reducing Salpingectomy and Ovarian Cancer: Chasing Science, Changing Language, and Conserving Moral Content
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Following new scientific evidence, removal of the fallopian tubes or the ovaries, or both, are options for reducing the risk of ovarian cancer. This paper examines the new scientific evidence on the origin of ovarian cancer and argues that the removal of fallopian tubes or ovaries in high-risk patients for the purpose of reducing risk of cancer is not intrinsically disordered. Although a present and serious pathology may not exist, this removal constitutes an indirect sterilization, because the immediate and primary effect is the reduction in risk of a pathological condition. This effect occurs immediately, directly, and effectively, and sterilization is a secondary effect. The paper then reflects on the subsequent inadequacy of the language of “present and serious pathology” given the new evidence on ovarian cancer. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 14.1 (Spring 2014): 67–79.
66. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Vince A. Punzo Dignity Therapy: Final Words for Final Days by Harvey Max Chochinov
67. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Richard M. Doerflinger Testimony on Behalf of the USCCB on the No Taxpayer Funding for Abortion Act
68. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Greg F. Burke, MD Medicine
69. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Christopher Kaczor Philosophy and Theology
70. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Rev. Robert E. Hurd, SJ, MD The Anticipatory Corpse: Medicine, Power, and the Care of the Dying by Jeffrey F. Bishop
71. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Medicine Abstracts
72. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Richard N. Stryker Poor Prenatal Diagnosis: A Father’s Journey
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Through personal testimony, the author details the experience of fathering a baby with a poor prenatal diagnosis. The author invites the reader to follow his journey, from learning his wife is pregnant, through their experiences as a family with their unborn daughter’s poor prenatal diagnosis, welcoming their baby girl at her birth, and ultimately finding peace in her early passing. Perinatal peer support is discussed and encouraged, drawing attention to the needs and concerns of the babies, women, and families who may not know to seek help in a similar situation. Great honor is given to the beauty and sanctity of life from the perspective of a father with a sick unborn child. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 14.1 (Spring 2014): 31–37.
73. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Edward J. Furton, MA., PhD. In This Issue
74. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Science Abstracts
75. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Colloquy
76. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Marie T. Hilliard, RN Affordable Health Care: The Nurse, the Poor, and the Vulnerable
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Evidence suggests that the nurse’s role as an advocate for patients and for the professional right to conscience is being eroded because of a lack of conscience protections in the Patient Affordable Care Act and because of a faulty understanding in general of the separation of church and state. While the main task of the principle of separation of church and state is to secure religious liberty, the principle is increasingly interpreted in a secularist way to mean that religion must be confined to the home and church and that people of conscience may not object to immoral practices in the workplace or public square. If nurses must risk their jobs to advocate for their patients, patient care will suffer. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 14.1 (Spring 2014): 47–52.
77. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Philosophy and Theology Abstracts
78. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Richard M. Doerflinger Washington Insider
79. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
David Albert Jones Magisterial Teaching on Vital Conflicts: A Reply to Rev. Kevin Flannery, SJ
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Rev. Kevin Flannery, SJ, has helpfully drawn attention to some key sources for magisterial teaching on “vital conflicts,” where interventions to save a mother’s life would involve or lead to the death of her unborn child. However, former responsa by the Holy Office on this topic from 1884 to 1902 need to be interpreted carefully and understood in relation to the context of the time. Recent teaching has indeed clarified that the condemnation of direct abortion is de fide. Nevertheless, in the last forty years, the magisterium has, de facto, tolerated debate among faithful Catholic scholars over the ethics of craniotomy. Appeal to former magisterial teaching is not sufficient to settle this contemporary debate over what constitutes direct abortion. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 14.1 (Spring 2014): 81–104.
80. The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly: Volume > 14 > Issue: 1
Grattan T. Brown Clarifying the Concept of Medical Futility
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The term “medical futility” was developed in the 1980s to enable physicians to withdraw life-prolonging procedures over the objections of patients or family members. Using clinical expertise, the physician determines that a particular treatment would be futile in a particular clinical situation. A futility judgment is clear cut when the procedure does not work, but a difficulty arises when a physician believes that a procedure provides too little benefit and then invokes futility. In that case, a patient might consider if the relatively small medical benefit might contribute to appropriately defined goals of treatment, and if so request “extraordinary means.” This article places the concept “medical futility” in relation to the principle of ordinary and extraordinary means, clarifies the concept of futility, and explains the problem of redefining futile means to include procedures that retain some benefit. It advocates very limited use of the term “medical futility” and suggests an alternative reason to withhold or withdraw treatment. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 14.1 (Spring 2014): 39–45.