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41. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 4 > Issue: Part 1
Tomas Kačerauskas The Question of Truth in Existential Phenomenology
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The problem of truth in existential phenomenology is analyzed. The author maintains that the concept of truth is inseparable from the concept of reality. In the phenomenology of Lebenswelt (Husserl) and Dasein (Heidegger) reality is the human whole, which changes while an existential project is created. The phenomena are real as much as they take part in our being towards death. The author calls this creation of the existential whole noesis, which embraces both the harmony of human view and disharmony in the light of new project.
42. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 4 > Issue: Part 1
Andrei Laurukhin Husserl’s Practical Philosophy: The Project of a Scientific Ethics
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This research sets for itself to show up Husserl’s early theory of action in its two forms—as scientific ethics and theory of values and as phenomenology of will. The author focuses his attention on two points: a problem of parallelism between logic and ethic and the question of how independent from the conceptual and methodical presuppositions of transcendental phenomenology is Husserl in his comprehension of ethical problems and in the elaboration of the idea of practical reason—or, on the contrary, how dependent he is on these presuppositions.
43. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 4 > Issue: Part 1
Agata Bielik-Robson Promises and Excuses: Derrida and the Aporia of Narcissism
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The aim of this essay is mainly critical: it intends to demonstrate that despite all the promises to give account of a “deconstructive subjectivity,” Derrida failed to do so. This charge relies on the thesis that Derrida proved unable to rethink critically the concept of narcissism which he himself saw as crucial for the future philosophical understanding of subjectivity. Yet, what Derrida calls the aporia of narcissism is, in fact, not so much the Freudian version of this concept but a deconstructive version of the old Hegelian dilemma of the beautiful soul—and, theoretically speaking, a rather “defunct” one, for it explicitly prohibits any dialectical procedure that could lead us out of this aporetic predicament.
44. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 4 > Issue: Part 1
Martin Cajthaml The Care of the Soul in Gorgias
45. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 4 > Issue: Part 1
Annette Hilt A Shared Carnal Humanity: The Language of Proximity in Body, World and Alterity
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Human being considered as enigmatic relation to itself and the world centers in carnality. The carnal body as constituent of life is a challenge for our categories of human life, since its own self-awareness backs away from conceptualization. Along with carnality as a theme speaking in Merleau-Ponty’s and Levinas’ implicit dialogue, this article considers a “shared” carnal humanity given in sensual proximity, language and the diachronic style of alterity. Thus, carnality might be a threshold between ontology and ethics, where traces of Levinas’ and Merleau-Ponty’s thoughts might intertwine in structures of being together in a world.
46. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 4 > Issue: Part 1
Anselm Böhmer Querungen der Welt: Eugen Finks untergründige Themenfelder
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The focal aspects of Eugen Fink’s philosophy are the world and the question of human life’s place within it. In the interplay of different topics such as basic phenomena of human being, the cosmic game and phenomenological problems of education, there is a development of various traits of dialectical thought hidden in his philosophy. This article tries to follow and to describe these crossing lines (e.g. meontic aspects, asubjectivity or the crossroads of the Greek hen kai pan within philosophy) in order to explore some guidelines for further research in philosophical anthropology.
47. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 4 > Issue: Part 1
Jael Kraut Transcendental Subjectivity as Alternative to Adorno’s Objectivist Notion of Subjectivity in his Informal Music
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Th e eradication of the subject in serialism and aleatory composition leads to the elimination of music itself. Proposing a way out this “empty music”, Adorno pleads for a restoration of the subjective elements at work in composition. But since his notion of subjectivity is ambiguous (sometimes it is universal, sometimes he considers it from an objectivist standpoint, that is, as psychological, arbitrary and opposed to objects) his argument fails. Against his objectivist notion of subjectivity, this article proposes a phenomenological reading of the antinomies contemporary music is confronted with, by replacing Adorno’s arbitrary subject with the universal a priori of transcendental subjectivity.
48. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 4 > Issue: Part 1
Terri J. Hennings Heidegger and Kafka Before The Law
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Th is paper examines Franz Kafka’s perception of Being as it is portrayed in his novel Der Prozess against the background of Heidegger’s fundamental ontology, particularly as outlined in Sein und Zeit. More specifically, it examines the notion of guilt as it focuses on the similarities and differences between Heidegger and Kafka’s project. Whereas Heidegger holds out the possibility of a non-alienated being-in-the-world, Kafka seems to suggest that this is not obtainable; that the ontological difference between beings and Being, the gap that exits between our everyday empirical knowledge of the world and a primordial truth, is beyond our reach.
49. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 4 > Issue: Part 1
Hans Rainer Sepp, Ion Copoeru Preface for All Volumes + Introduction
50. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 4 > Issue: Part 1
Ivan Chavatík Jan Patočka and his Concept of an “A-Subjective” Phenomenology
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Th e paper gives a short biography of Jan Patočka, remembers his personal contacts with Husserl and reviews his position within the phenomenological movement by explaining what sort of criticism on Husserl he develops in his concept of an “a-subjective” phenomenology. It also gives a list of his papers concerning this topic.
51. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 5 > Issue: Part 2
James Mensch Artificial Intelligence and the Phenomenology of Flesh
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A. M. Turing argued that we should draw “a fairly sharp line between the physical and the intellectual capacities of a man.” Traditionally, this has meant disregarding the role flesh plays in our intellectual capacities. Correspondingly, intelligence has been defined in terms of the algorithms that both men and machines can perform. In this essay, I raise some doubts about this paradigm. Intelligence, I argue, is founded on flesh’s ability to move itself, to feel itself, and to engage in the body projects that accompany our learning a language. Th is implies such a sharp line cannot, in fact, be drawn.
52. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 5 > Issue: Part 2
Notes on Contributors
53. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 5 > Issue: Part 2
Frank J. Macke Body, Liquidity, and Flesh: Bachelard, Merleau-Ponty, and the Elements of Interpersonal Communication
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This essay seeks to consider Merleau-Ponty’s concept of embodiment from the vantage point of Gaston Bachelard’s poetic reflections on the four elements: earth, wind, fire, and water. More specifically, I intend to interpret Merleau-Ponty’s notion of flesh, as articulated in The Visible and the Invisible, as communicative embodiment, and then I seek to understand the communicological feature of flesh in terms of water and liquidity. The thesis of this essay is that the discourse on “embodiment” that follow in Merleau-Ponty’s wake should, regardless of its classification as “postmodern,” be articulated in terms of the “post-Cartesian” consciousness animated by Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology.
54. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 5 > Issue: Part 2
Dallas Willard For Lack of Intentionality
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Much of contemporary Philosophy of Language has attempted to explain the relationship between language and the objects referred to by it without recourse to the intentionality of acts of consciousness, as Husserl and other Phenomenologists have understood it. This essay takes one author from the “Analytic” tradition, David Wiggins, and points out the inadequacies in his recent attempt to explain how “natural kind terms” connect up with the objects to which they apply. It traces the failure to build an intelligible bridge between the terms and their extension to failure to incorporate intentionality into the analysis of meaning.
55. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 5 > Issue: Part 2
François Raffoul Heidegger and Ethics
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The ambition of this essay is to investigate Heidegger’s thought of ethics in terms of what he calls in his “Letter on Humanism” an “originary ethics,” attempting to draw key features or characteristics of such an ethics. I argue that the proper site of ethics is at the center of Heidegger’s enterprise, in which ethics is grounded on a phenomenal basis, as opposed to being left groundless in abstract theorizing on so-called applied and theoretical ethics. Heidegger would think ethics, not as some theoretical principles to apply, but as the very unfolding of human existence.
56. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 5 > Issue: Part 2
Harry P. Reeder Living Words and Concepts: Semantic Space and Semantic Texture
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An exploration of the active and passive constitution of linguistic and proto-linguistic semantic space in motivated and intersubjective intentional life. ‘Semantic texture’ encompasses ontological and epistemological features of finite, historical, and discursive human life.
57. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 5 > Issue: Part 2
Paul Majkut MetaTV
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Viewing TV as a totality is obfuscated by attention too closely fixed on autonomous programming. When the attitude of the viewer changes and reveals the larger dimension of the object viewed, a shift from passive reception to active disruption is possible. Television viewers move from program to program, empowered by the remote control, violating and replacing programming temporal restraints intended by producers with an internal time consciousness that is marked by duration rather than chronology. The shift from passive reception to a narrative whose structure is controlled by the viewer is profound. MetaTV is reiterated falsehood and reiteration is the essence of the “big lie,” not an antidote to deception, as Husserl and Stein argue.
58. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 5 > Issue: Part 2
David Seamon “A Strange Current of Sympathy and Knowledge”: The Experience of “Teched” as Portrayed by American Novelist and Agrarian Reformer Louis Bromfield
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In this essay, I draw on one short story by the American writer and agrarian reformer Louis Bromfield (1896-1956) to examine phenomenologically the experiential dimensions of “teched”—a colloquial word used by Bromfield to refer to a capacity for experiencing an intuitive intimacy with things, creatures, and landscapes such that the boundaries of self and other dissolve. I argue that this mode of encounter might be useful today in facilitating a deeper sense of care and concern for the natural world.
59. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 5 > Issue: Part 2
Marilyn Nissim-Sabat The Future of Psychiatry and the Naturalization of Phenomenology
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This essay is a critique of the effort of cognitive scientists to naturalize phenomenology, in particular Husserlian phenomenology, in order to legitimate their investigation into conscious phenomena by integrating phenomenality, presumably in Husserl’s sense, with cognitive science. I show that this effort is misguided because it rests on profound misconstruals of the meaning of phenomenology. In conclusion, I show that Husserlian phenomenology cannot be naturalized because its inaugural act is the de-naturalization of the world.
60. Phenomenology 2005: Volume > 5 > Issue: Part 2
Thomas Nenon Seebohm, Husserl, and Dilthey
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This essay outlines the main themes in Thomas Seebohm’s Hermeneutics. Method and Methodology with particular emphasis on his descriptions of animal and elementary understanding. It closes with some remarks about the relationship between human understanding as a whole and more primitive strata of understanding like animal and elementary understanding, on kinaesthesis, and on the way that various philosophical methods, including phenomenology, can contribute to a comprehensive description and critical analysis of hermeneutics.