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181. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 10 > Issue: 1
John T. Ford Johh Henry Newman: Conversion as Inference
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This essay examines the complementarity between Newman’s Apologia pro Vita Sua (1864), which provided an autobiographical account of his conversions, and his Grammar of Assent (1870), which described three types of inference—formal, natural, informal—that provide three paradigms for different types of religious conversion.
182. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 10 > Issue: 1
M. Katherine Tillman John Henry Newman: Worldly Wisdom and Holy Wisdom
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After considering the meaning of “wisdom” in the Hellenic and Semitic Traditions, this essay examines Newman’s views about “worldly wisdom” in both a practical and a philosophical sense and then considers “holy wisdom” as contemplative and transcendent.
183. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 10 > Issue: 2
Greg Peters John Henry Newman’s Theology of the Monastic/Religious Life as a Means to Holiness
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By the late 1830s, John Henry Newman and Edward Bouverie Pusey were discussing the re-introduction of monastic/religious life into the Church of England. Though Newman did not remain in the Church of England long enough to see the full flowering of this effort, his writings as an Anglican theologian reveal that he viewed the monastic/religious life as a central way in which a person could grow in holiness and also a means of fostering the holiness of the Church as a whole.
184. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 10 > Issue: 2
Attilio Rossi A Sermon of John Henry Newman at St. Clement’s: “On the Nature of the Future Promise”
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This study considers Newman’s sermon—“On the Nature of the Future Promise”—which he preached on 4 September 1825 at St. Clement’s Church, Oxford—likely with his mother and sisters present in the congregation; in addition to treating Newman’s style of preaching and Evangelical theology, this sermon’s theological and pastoral dimensions are also examined.
185. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 10 > Issue: 2
Michael T. Wimsatt John Henry Newman’s View of Poetry
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After considering the life-long influence of poetry on Newman and his critical analysis of poetry, this study examines his poetic output during his Mediterranean voyage (1832–1833) and concludes by considering both the spiritual implications and the literary observations of his famous poem “The Pillar of the Cloud.”
186. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 10 > Issue: 2
James J. Crile Johh Henry Newman’s The Arians of the Fourth Century: An Embarrassment?
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In spite of various criticisms, both at the time of its publication and more recently, Newman’s The Arians of the Fourth Century can be recommended—indeed it offers a valuable critique of modern historical scholarship on Arianism.
187. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 10 > Issue: 2
Lucas Laborde “Continuity of Principles” in John Henry Newman’s An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine
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Although Newman’s Essay on Development has been studied both in itself and as a milestone in his spiritual journey, scant attention has been given to a detailed analysis of his “notes” for doctrinal development. The following study examines the second note of development—“continuity of principles”—in order to ascertain both Newman’s understanding of “principles” and the way these principles can have continuity.
188. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 10 > Issue: 2
David P. Long John Henry Newman and the Consultation of the Faithful
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This essay examines the strengths and weakness of Newman’s argument in “On Consulting the Faithful in Matters of Doctrine” that the lay faithful throughout history are the guarantors of orthodox doctrine by examining Newman’s understanding of the lay faithful, the sensus and consensus fidelium, and his historiographical methodology.
189. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 11 > Issue: 1
Keith Beaumont Newman’s Reflections on Biblical Inspiration
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Newman was keenly aware of the challenge posed to Christians by the development of historical biblical criticism in the nineteenth century. In several of his Anglican writings—most notably in no. 85 of Tracts for the Times, in unpublished notes and drafts dating from 1861–1863, and in two essays published in 1884—he attempted to resolve questions regarding the nature of biblical “inspiration,” the respective roles of the divine and human “authors,” and the nature of biblical “truth.” This article, originally a paper given at the 2012 conference of the Association française des Amis de Newman on Newman et la Bible, was first published in French in Études Newmaniennes no. 29 (2013).
190. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 11 > Issue: 1
Christopher Cimorelli The Possible Advantage of Doctrinal Growth: Revisiting Newman’s Understanding of Development
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In this article, I investigate Newman’s understanding of doctrinal development, specifically regarding the accumulation of doctrines over time. Through an analysis of Newman’s essay on development and a letter written by him in 1868, we can better understand the potential “advantage,” but not superiority, that comes from the everincreasing resources of tradition. Newman’s view of development is directed toward the present and abiding concern to maintain fidelity to the deposit of faith, or to what he understands to be a “sacred philosophy.”
191. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 11 > Issue: 1
Pedro A. Benítez Maurice Nédoncelle, A Newman Scholar
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Personalist philosopher Maurice Nédoncelle was known for his role in reintroducing John Henry Newman to the French public at a time when it was well needed. Nédoncelle’s merits consist mainly of presenting Newman as a religious philosopher and of drawing attention to Newman’s implicit philosophy. Nédoncelle’s interpretation of Newman is discussed here.
192. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 11 > Issue: 2
Kota Kanno Reading the Bible and the Doctrinal Question in Arians of the Fourth Century
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The first scientific work by John Henry Newman, Arians of the Fourth Century, should not be read simply as a patristic historiography; Newman engages with theoretical problems in this work. This essay attempts to explain the theory behind Arians with particular regard to the problematic relationship between Scripture and doctrinal expression in the Church. It will demonstrate the confluence of Newman’s thought on this point with the theological reflection of Vincent Holzer, who discusses this problem in the context of German theology in the twentieth century. This article was originally published in French in Études Newmaniennes no. 29 (2013).
193. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 11 > Issue: 2
Steven D. Aguzzi Newman’s First Two Notes on Development and Patristic Millenarianism
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In recent years, critical discourse concerning the millenarian eschatology of the early Patristic era of Christianity has called into question the common notion that millenarian concepts have been utterly rejected as heretical by the Roman Catholic Church. No Ecumenical Council has ever rejected millenarian eschatology, and papal and juridical statements on the issue have been taken out of context. This essay brings forward, as testing agents, John Henry Newman’s first two notes in Development in order to determine whether Patristic millenarianism, along with a more recently explored version called Eucharistic millenarianism, is a valid example of doctrinal development of an earlier type. Eucharistic millenarianism borrows many aspects from a primitive apostolic source and has been embraced by the Catholic hierarchy, raising the question of how millenarian aspects might legitimately inform contemporary theology. Newman’s theory of the development of doctrine, particularly as seen in his first two notes, is a valuable tool for reevaluating latent concepts that have been unfairly viewed as marginal or even heretical in mainline theological discourse.
194. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 11 > Issue: 2
Jonathan Martin Ciraulo Apologia pro Vita Stulti: Newman’s Defense of the “Superstitious Masses”
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This essay analyzes Newman’s response to the tendency in philosophical modernity and liberal Protestantism, as exemplified by John Locke, to denigrate the so-called “superstitious” nature of the religion of the masses. Newman constructed a philosophical and theological defense of Christians who were accused of an unenlightened superstition, due to their popular piety and lack of theological training, and proposes this very “superstition” to be the hallmark of genuine Christianity, as found from its inception. The essay concludes with a comparison to Augustine’s City of God.
195. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 11 > Issue: 2
Brad S. Gregory The Prophetic Newman
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John Henry Newman was a discerning critic of the dominant social values and cultural features of England in the Victorian era that revolved around the sovereign self. Insofar as many of these features—individuals as their own masters, wealth and celebrity, the arbitrariness of answers about faith and meaning, and the character of higher education in the absence of theology—also characterize American society and culture in the early twenty-first century, Newman’s critique of his own time and society also applies to ours. This essay was first delivered as the 2014 Newman Legacy Lecture, sponsored by the National Institute for Newman Studies, at Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on April 3, 2014.
196. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 12 > Issue: 1
James F. Dorrill Newman’s and Kingsley’s Gentlemen
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This essay examines the possibility that Charles Kingsley’s sermon “The True Gentleman” was in part a response to John Henry Newman’s classic definition of the gentleman in The Idea of a University, and explores the principal theological differences underlying the two texts.
197. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 12 > Issue: 1
Jean-Louis Guérin-Boutaud John Henry and the Beloved: Newman Reading the Fourth Gospel
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Before he recognized the role of the Tradition in the Church, Newman rooted his life in the Bible, memorizing the King James Version. He commented on it throughout his life. This essay canvasses Newman’s reading of the Fourth Gospel, and brings to light the theology of the word presupposed by Newman’s interpretation of Scripture.
198. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 12 > Issue: 1
Joseph F. Keefe “The Intellectual Difficulty of Imagining and Realizing Emmanuel”: Newman’s Concept of Realizing Christ in Parochial and Plain Sermons
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This essay explores and interprets two texts from Parochial and Plain Sermons in light of Newman’s understanding of religious imagination—specifically, the act of realization. Both texts suggest that for Newman, realization is a type of self-appropriation by which a fact or an object (real in itself) is assimilated (made personally real to the subject). One sermon concerns the Passion, the other the Resurrection. He indicates that when the object of the imagination is Christ, realization comes about through meditation on Scripture, and produces a stronger or weaker vision of Jesus in the soul based on one’s personal dispositions. It is often employed when the mind engages in conflicting ideas, such as Christ as both God and man.
199. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 12 > Issue: 1
Peter C. Wilcox Newman as Spiritual Director: His Personal Methods and Their Meaning for Understanding His Life
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John Henry Newman was a man who sought to integrate life and holiness. He believed that the spiritual life needed to be lived in an active and dynamic way, touching a person’s fundamental attitudes and actions. Although Newman rejected the title of spiritual director as such, it is obvious from his correspondence that directing others through various facets of the Christian life was one of his dominant concerns. Utilizing his Letters and Diaries during his Catholic years (1845–1890), this lecture explores how Newman directed others, the methods he used, and the meaning it has for understanding his life.
200. Newman Studies Journal: Volume > 12 > Issue: 1
Matthew Muller Newman, Imagination, and The Idea of a University
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In this article I argue that one way of approaching Newman’s Idea of a University is to view it as a text about the formation of imagination. This is done in three parts. First, I identify the core features of imagination as Newman conceived it by drawing on various sources from his life and work. Second, I turn to Idea of a University in particular, primarily the “Lectures on University Teaching,” to demonstrate that the concept of imagination is a significant underlying presence in Newman’s lectures. Finally, I conclude with a brief analysis of the relationship between reason and imagination within the university.