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1. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Anne Barraquier The Influence of Social and Ethical Issues on Innovation: An Exploration of the Innovation “Black Box” Processes
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Previous research has been looking for evidence of a correlation between social performance and financial performance. This paper suggests that social issues bring new knowledge within the processes of the organization, a knowledge that is integrated in the innovation process. An empirical study conducted in the flavor and fragrance industry demonstrates that social and ethical issues translate into data and knowledge through four processes: knowledge flows, social exchange, experiential learning and collaborative dynamics. These results are analyzed and briefly discussed.
2. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Mercy Berman, Jeanne M. Logsdon Business Obligations for Human Rights: Any Progress from Rhetoric to Practice?
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While it is generally assumed that large corporations today give rhetorical support for basic human rights in public relations documents, skepticism continues toarise about the behavior of these firms. Do company actions support their rhetoric? This paper provides the initial analysis of our study of both rhetoric and practice regarding human rights in a small sample of large U.S. firms. At this point in the analysis, UNGC membership does not appear to have much influence on corporate rhetoric, but may be partially correlated with several measures of corporate performance on human rights issues.
3. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Judith Schrempf, Guido Palazzo How to Create the Ethical Consumer
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Consumer surveys confirm two facts: First, consumers are aware of social and ethical side effects of production and consumption. Second, consumers indicate an intention to adapt their consumption behavior. Despite their willingness to change, consumers do not engage in ethical consumption behavior. We assert that the ethical consumer needs to be created and propose two mechanisms how corporations can cocreate the ethical consumer: Influencing external institutional factors and influencing internal psychological factors.
4. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
D. Kirk Davidson The Importance of Context in Understanding CSR: China’s Labor Conditions as a Case Study
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This paper establishes six critical elements – history, political structures, religion, social customs, civil society openness, and level of economic development –needed to understand the context of corporate social responsibility in other countries and other cultures. Labor conditions in China are used as a case study.
5. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Jean-Pascal Gond, Céline Louche, Rieneke Slager, Carmen Juravle, Camilla Yamahaki The Institutional and Social Contruction of Responsible Investment
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This paper provides a summary of the symposium on the institutional and social construction of Responsible Investment (RI), held at the 22nd IABS conference. In the context of the symposium, we propose to move beyond the dominant focus on the financial impact of RI to consider the potential of emergent institutional and sociological perspectives to explain the practices and concepts related to RI. In doing so, our aim is to explore in greater detail the current changes in the RI infrastructure and the impact of these changes on wider issues of corporate sustainability and social responsibility.
6. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Sefa Hayibor, David M. Wasieleski Preferences Concerning Moral Development of Co-Workers
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Because an organization member’s degree of cognitive moral development (CMD) can be expected to influence his or her decisions and behaviour, in this paper we investigate the idea that that employees might prefer to supervise, work with, or work under others of particular levels or stages of CMD. We surveyed undergraduate business students in order to identify typical CMD preferences for co-workers and test preliminary hypotheses concerning possible influences on those preferences. Majorities of subjects expressed preferences for conventional level work peers and subordinates but postconventional superiors, which could augur a lack of congruence between what subordinates typically desire of their superiors and how those superiors are likely to actually behave.
7. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Robin T. Byerly Combating Modern Slavery: What can Business Do?
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It is argued in this paper that the contemporary issue of modern slavery is one of meaningful relevance to today’s business, particularly multinational corporations. For a number of theoretical and pragmatic reasons, including corporate social responsibility, global corporate citizenship, corporate power and innovative capability, the issue should resonate with, and draw response from, modern business. Further, several suggestions are made as to how business organizations and their leaders can effectively aid in combating modern slavery.
8. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Deborah L. Kidder, William P. Smith Slave to Facebook? How Technology is Changing the Balance Between Right to Privacy and Right to Know
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Have social media sites like Facebook become such a significant part of our social fabric that people face negative consequences for not joining and sharing? What role does a right to privacy play in circumstances where self-disclosure is the norm? We surveyed students about teammate preferences for team members based on information availability and Facebook membership. Students report a strong preference for teammates for whom there is information and Facebook participation.
9. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Michaela Haase Workshop: Embedded Capitalism and Business Ethics Education
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I give a short report on the origin of the International Working Group on Business Ethics Education (IWBEE) the group’s workshop sessions at the IABSconference. Building on the discussions throughout these workshop sessions, I outline how IWBEE’s perspective on business ethics education can be related to analytical perspectives from anthropology and economics.
10. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Jeanne M. Logsdon, John F. Mahon The BP Oil Disaster: Critical Insights and Lessons for Management and Organizational Reputation
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This paper develops a two-part model of the crucial roles that episodic memory and perceptual filters play in responses to organizational crisis. We examine thecascading impacts of episodic memory, the types of filters that shape stakeholder responses to crisis, and subsequent impacts on reputation. A sound wave analogy is developed to understand the complexity of organizational crisis. The model is partially applied to the BP Deepwater Horizon oil rig disaster.
11. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
2011 Conference Participants and Their Roles
12. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Frank G. A. de Bakker, Iina Hellsten, Anne M. Kok Activists and Business: Examining Networks and Tactics
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This paper contains an exploratory study of networks of activist groups operating versus firms to impact norms on corporate social responsibility. It providessome initial examinations of using webmetrics to trace activist networks and tactics. We conducted an empirical study of an organization that acts like the proverbial “spider in the web” in activist networks in the Netherlands: SOMO, the Centre for Research on Multinational Corporations. Mapping such an organization, in which networks on several themes related to CSR are coordinated, forms a useful entry point for further research.
13. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Dirk Johan de Jong, Frank Jan de Graaf Institutional Entrepreneurship and CSR within Multinational SME’s: The Added Value for SME’s of Employee-oriented CSR in Foreign Subsidiaries
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This paper develops propositions on the added value for SMEs of normatively based, employee-oriented corporate social responsibility (CSR). We suggest that not only motives but also the skills of the owner/manager as an institutional entrepreneur are critical in dealing with institutional variance. Also, the transfer of employee-oriented CSR can have positive results for SMEs that could imply that globalisation is not only a race to the bottom.
14. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Marta de la Cuesta, Juan Diego Paredes, Eva Pardo Use of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to Identify Material and Relevant CSR Performance Indicators
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This study focuses on the application of multicriteria decision-making techniques, specifically the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), to identify corporate socialresponsibility information which both companies and stakeholders consider relevant and material. This work explains how the AHP methodology was applied in the selection of material indicators in corporate social responsibility reporting, the interpretation of these indicators and their relative importance. The results of this study are summarized in 60 indicators distributed in four areas: environment, economy, corporate governance and social. As this last area contains the greatest number of indicators, it was divided into four sub-areas (human resources, human rights, product responsibility and society).
15. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Charles Oldroyd, Johanne Grosvold, Andrew Millington Advantages and Disadvantages of Socially and environmentally sustainable Procurement Practices in the Public and Private Sectors: An Empirical Investigation
16. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Isabel Carrero, Carmen Valor Slaves of Market Information: The Relationship Between Spanish Consumers and CSR Labels
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Information asymmetries are regarded as the main obstacle for consumers to buy responsibly. CSR labels are considered the best tool to give consumers information about the brand's social and environmental performance. Yet, the information and credibility gap associated to the labels may render labels useless. This study aims to unveil the relationship of Spanish consumers with CSR labels, in order to assess the posited consequences of the information and credibility gap. To do so, 385 consumers were interviewed at the main shopping centers in Madrid. The findings support the hypothesized gaps, which leads to recommend public policies in order to improve the effectiveness of CSR labels as an information tool.
17. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Jae Hwan Lee, Ronald. K. Mitchell Towards Refining the Concept of Corporate Citizenship
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In this paper, we attempt to refine the concept of corporate citizenship. Traditionally, research on corporate citizenship has paid greater attention to corporateduties, leaving corporate rights relatively unattended in the corporate citizenship literature. However, some scholars have recently explored corporate citizenship as the corporation’s implementation of both of its respected rights and duties. Others have conceptualized the corporate citizenship concept with a specific focus on the corporation’s expansion of its new duties and rights. Integrating existing conceptualizations of corporate citizenship, we propose a refined definition of corporate citizenship as a dynamic process by which corporations implement and expand their respective corporate rights and duties.
18. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
John M. Holcomb The Gulf Oil Spill: Crisis Management, Public Policy, and Legal Liability
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This paper applies an eight-step model of crisis management to the Gulf Oil disaster and discusses potential legal liabilities for BP. The eight steps are: ascertaining the facts, portraying the problem, allocating responsibility, responding to critics, adopting new policies, implementing new procedures, utilizing political/legal tactics, and costs in money and credibility. While crisis management responses often fall into either uniformly positive or uniformly negative patterns and outcomes, the BP case falls into a more complex pattern, where the company did some things well and other things poorly, with BP making its worst mistakes in the pre-crisis stage. After examining BP’s response, the longer version of this paper examines the regulatory role and the application of the capture theory to the Minerals Management Service of the Department of Interior. That section and associated references are available upon request to the author.
19. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Elena Cavagnaro, Ngesa Fiona Sustainable Tour Operating Practices: Setting up a Case Study of Inbound Tour Operators in Kenya
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Though research on sustainable tour operating practices is increasing, its focus is mainly on large tour operators. Moreover, most research is geographically limited to Europe. Literature on inbound tour operators (ITOs) based in destination countries such as Africa is almost non-existent. In an effort to reduce the gap on literature available on sustainable tour operating in third world destinations, this research focuses on ITOs in Kenya. Its aim is to identify gaps between attitudes, intentions and behavior towards sustainable tourism of ITOs in Kenya and shade some light on how these gaps can be addressed. A dedicated questionnaire survey was developed for this research and sent out to 300 ITOs in Kenya. Moreover, 10 in-depth interviews were held. This paper describes the background of the research, both from a scholarly and management perspective, and the developed research instruments. During the IABS 2011 conference full results will be presented.
20. Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society: 2011
Linda C. Rodríguez, Ivan Montiel A Conceptualization of How Firms Invest in CSR Based on Country Risk
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We look at the relationship of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and country risk. We conceptualize the relationship first by asking if there is a correlationand then positing the directionality of the relationship. We posit that there is an inverse or negative correlation of implicit CSR with country risk and a positive correlation between explicit CSR and country risk. Understanding this relationship can help firms respond to a variety of external pressures such as those from activist organizations and stockholder disciplining; thus, preventing firms from the need to “bolt” on CSR strategies to existing corporate strategies, as well as to help fulfill social needs within the community, mitigate political risks, and improve firm reputation.