Researching the history of environmental philosophical thinking in the context of the devel­opment of social conditions in our country (as opposed to abroad) has so far been rather neglected. At the same time, it is an essentially philosophical issue (resolving the relation­ship between man and the world), which is also gaining urgency in the context of the global environmental crisis. The text defends the opinion that original and authentic philosophical work was and remains a very important part of our spiritual culture. Researching the history of domestic philosophical thought makes sense, and in concrete forms it can offer remark­able inspiration even today. The following retrospective seeks to supplement the image of the history of our thinking (philosophy and science) with details and connections not yet revealed. It also seeks an answer to the question of the originality of our authors‘ thinking. Above all, it is a concretization of the historiographical view of some not quite satisfactorily captured stages of the history of our (Czech and Slovak) philosophy. Therefore, we will focus on a brief critical reflection of that dominant (Marxist) philosophy, while we leave the forms of thought of the unofficial (underground, samizdat) aside. As one of the remarkable aspects found, for example, we can consider the predominance of Slovak authors in the first half of the normalisation period (problems of the scientific and technological revolution). This was only subsequently complemented by efforts for a more systematic, generally philosoph­ical view by Czech authors (especially R. Kolářský and J. Šmajs). In the assessment of the stage of “real socialism” (or the period of normalization), we conclude that a simplified idea of complete official silence on environmental issues and denial of real problems and crisis manifestations cannot suffice.

The author of this paper has thoroughly studied the correspondence between I. Kant and J. H. Lambert and deals with the problem of Lambert’s influence on the creation and shape of the transcendental method used in Kant’s central work The Critique of Pure Reason. He points out that the discussion on the method stems from a deeper problem of the a general conception of metaphysics. Both authors as well as several other prominent philosophers of the time advocated differing positions. While Lambert only reformed traditional metaphysics (in dianoiology, alethiology, semiotics and phenomenology), Kant considered the reforms hopeless and created the method of transcendental criticism in his Critique of Pure Reason to serve as a foundation for new metaphysics that could be regarded a science. The study shows in detail the long-term problems that the process went through.

The paper deals with a conception of international order and its limits in the trans­national and global context from the point of view of a theory of social and political recognition. It concentrates especially on the conception developed by Axel Honneth. It is a reconstruction as well as an interpretation of the conception, showing the pos­sibilities and limitations of its application on transnational and global levels. First, the paper analyses Honneth’s arguments concerning moral realism and international recog­nition. It discusses the need of international recognition as related to the political and cultural recognitions. Then, it shows the insufficiencies of the conception of interna­tional recognition on the background of globalization on one hand and the individual/society relationship on the other. The following part of the paper deals with problems of a transposition of patterns of recognition from the national level to international and transnational levels, and explains limits of arguments developed by V. Heinz, T. Pogge and A. Wendt. In mapping the tendencies to transnational and global recognitions, the paper focuses on the important transitory phenomenon of extraterritorial recognition. It also articulates arguments how a theory of recognition can be developed on transna­tional and global levels.