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1. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 27 > Issue: 2
Tadeusz Buksiński Metagoods, Metavalues and Metanorms in Politics
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The paper proposes a metaaxiological political framework, which is the ground for the thesis that the central idea that underlies politics is well-being and its improvement. Every political activity relies on certain goods, values and standards forming its operational framework. The aim and essence of politics is to ensure the realization of constitutive values. These values include the normative concept of the human being and constitutive values underpinning the functioning of the state and political community (i.e. good life, justice, freedom, security, peace, identity, unity, rule of law, representation, sovereignty, legitimacy). On the one hand, the normative values represent preconditions that have to be present in every political sphere. On the other, they serve as ideals pursued by states and political systems. They are investigated by means of normative typological categories.
... into social life in an indirect and involuntary way via their ... basic material and social needs are met, which is anchored in an ... : Perfectionism and Neutrality, Essays in Liberal Theory. Wall, S, G. Klosko ...
2. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 33 > Issue: 1
Charley Mejame Ejede Philosophy and African Sapiential Tradition: Giving Voice to Wisdom and the Conceptualization of Traditional African Society. Part II
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In the first part of our considerations we show how, according to Senghor, going back to the source is necessary to discover the richness of African languages and their philosophical significance. It is an effort which will enable the African to be in harmony with his/her history and the cardinal values found in the original Africa. Identity awareness must push us to lay the groundwork for the African philosophical creation found in African languages themselves. In this paper, the second part of our considerations, we are going to revisit the kiluba language. Besides, we are also going to look at the seSotho language, the language spoken in the Southern part of the continent of Africa. The major interest of this article therefore is the openness to the treasures of African thought via its linguistic corpus.
... concept of respect as social and natural contract in African culture ... . RESPECT AS SOCIAL AND NATURAL CONTRACT Immanuel Kant makes the point ... representation and are inclined towards value judgment. But in the case of Afri ...
3. The American Journal of Semiotics: Volume > 9 > Issue: 2/3
Renata Salecl Cogito, its Rights and the Fantasy
... unable to step outside it in order to construct a theory of society and of a social ... self. In Rawls' theory not onlyjustice, but also good is founded upon choice ... Libertarian and Communitarian Critiques of Rawls In the two decades since Rawls' book was ...
4. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 15 > Issue: 3/4
Dorothea Olkowski The Myth of the Individual
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The fundamental liberal argument supporting the concept of “individualism” is that all individuals possess the same rights and liberties which define each citizen as an individual. Yet each individual somehow remains a person who defines her/himself as separate and distinct from all others and so who should never be considered to be a part of a concretely real group. Such a presupposition entails others. Liberalism presupposes naturalism, that human nature is fixed and knowable, as well as idealism, the belief that rational persuasion and argument are assumed to be the engines of change, and moralism, the idea that nature and reason must also provide some clues for acting. Ultimately, liberalism also implies volunteerism, the idea that social life is comprised of autonomous,intentional, and self-will actions that follow from the rules for right and wrong, which are themselves derived from reason, whose efficacy is natural. This essay argues that when women and other minorities examine the reasonable and rational public political culture, they may find that these very social structures, which are the ones they are most likely to value are also the site of their greatest oppression.
... effective in combination with economic and social empowerment ... between moral philosophy and political philosophy. With this in mind, Rawls ... that social life is comprised of autonomous,intentional, and self-will actions that ...
5. Thought: Volume > 47 > Issue: 4
Philosophy, Political Philosophy
... of a social contract for mutual advantage, Rawls hypothesizes a situation in ... systematic in con temporary ethical theory. This review will concentrate on Rawls ... using who?" and "Who is taking who for a ride?" Adolph Hitler, in writing and ...
6. Semiotics: 2000
Adrian S. Gimate-Welsh, María Rayo Sankey García Referential Semiosis in the Shaping of Political Discourse in the Mexican Presidential Election ofthe Year 2000
... social problem in Mexico and in many different countries. In effect, it is a ... has been spoken of by social scientists, by politicians in Mexico and elsewhere ... government, in the case of the PRI, and to gain power, in the case of the ...
7. The American Journal of Semiotics: Volume > 33 > Issue: 1/2
Laura García-Portela Our Responsibility to Future Generations in the Context of Ecological Crisis: Perspectives and Future Challenges
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The present article aims to present how the different philosophical perspectives have tackled the problem of the foundations of our responsibility to future generations in the context of ecological crisis. The main theories addressed here will be Hans Jonas metaphysical foundation, utilitarianism, communitarianism, the rights theory and contractarian perspectives derived from John Rawls’s theory. By assessing these perspectives, I assert that, against jonasianianism and related perspectives, our responsibilities to future generations must be thought of in terms of “political, not metaphysical”. The foundation of these responsibilities must be based, not on God, nor compassion, nor benevolence, nor identity sentiments, but on a conception of ourselves as rational and reasonable persons. From my point of view, we must find our responsibilities to future generations in our respect for their necessities and interests as well as in the maintenance of their available opportunities. This point of view allows us to point out some of our future challenges in the intergenerational justice scope.
... theory and contractarian perspectives derived from John Rawls’s theory. By assessing ... Rawls’s theory is in relation to the circumstances of justice ... and Obligation in Transgenerational Polity”, in Intergenerational ...
8. Thought: Volume > 66 > Issue: 1
Vincent M. Cooke, S.J. Moral Obligation and Metaphysics
... Theory of Justice (1971) and by Alan Donagan in The Theory of Morality (1977). A ... humanity; Rawls appeals to a version of contract theory. MacIntyre makes use of ... reason of the Creator and that of the human practical agent in terms of his theory ...
9. Semiotics: 1997
Denis J. Brion The Semiosis of Ownership
... social theorist, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, in his anarchist pamphlet ... philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were hardly less succinct in ... political and legal discourse. That is, both in public discourse and ...
10. The American Journal of Semiotics: Volume > 29 > Issue: 1/4
Willam R. Self, Larry Powell, Mark Hickson, III, Justin Johnston Voluntary Abdication of Legal Rights: A Semiotic Analysis of Arbitration Clauses as Miscommunication and Potential Constitutional Violations
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The authors address problems with “compulsory” arbitration clauses in contracts. Specifically, they note that consumers are misguided about their rights in such cases. In addition, arbitration clauses do not allow the press to cover any proceedings that may result. The arbitration clauses in contracts are written in legalese that consumers do not understand. The authors found that even university students had difficulty understanding the information in such clauses. An example of an actual case is included.
... the relationship of the communication process in trial behavior and ... methods and approaches have varied, the common element in all these studies ... of contracts, and in particular arbitration clauses in consumer contracts. The ...
11. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 24 > Issue: 1
Krzysztof Pacewicz Against Religion, Wars and States. The Case for Enlightenment Atheism, Just War Pacifism and Liberal-democraticAnarchism by Andrew Fiala
... by the social contract theory—e.g., in punishing victimless crime like gambling ... social oppression. In this final and most comprehensive part of his reasoning the ... “just” and “unjust” states—as in the case of John Rawls, who, who ...
12. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 26 > Issue: 4
Jonathan O. Chimakonam, Uti Ojah Egbai The Value of Conversational Thinking in Building a Decent World: The Perspective of Post-Colonial Sub-Saharan Africa
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In this paper we focus on conversational thinking to demonstrate the value of public reasoning in building a decent world and true democracies. We shall take into account the views of selected scholars, especially John Rawls and Jürgen Habermas, on law and democratic practice, to explain why post-colonial Africa is weighed down by sociopolitical hegemonies that have aversion to their opposition and eliminate room for strong institutions, rule of law and human rights. In light of conversational thinking, this eliminates any chance for “creative struggle,” i.e. a philosophers struggle against the post-colonial imaginary/social agents to dethrone strong individuals and create strong institutions. In the absence of these indices which a conversational orientation may engender, it is difficult to transform bogus democracy into true democracy and thus to create a decent society. Post-colonial Africa mired in social regression, political crisis and economic stagnation urgently needs conversational tonics to overcome the ineffectiveness of bogus democracy. We postulate a thesis about three structural transformations forming what we call Democratic Transformational Programme (DTP).
... political, economic and social relationships. Our proposal in this ... sphere controls the social and the economic spheres in any organised ... on social, economic and political issues aimed at reaching decisions that are in ...
13. Cultura International Journal of Philosophy of Culture and Axiology: Volume > 2 > Issue: 2
Tim Lankester International Aid Experience, prospects and the moral case
... It is a commonplace that economic and social progress in developing ... social sectors in India and other very poor countries ... . Without changes in the economic and social structure, including the ...
14. Thought: Volume > 5 > Issue: 3
John A. C. McGann The Political Philosophy of Edmund Burke
... Scholastic argument based on the natural law and the social nature of man. In the ... variety and multiplicity of problems, economic, social, and, in some instances, moral ... certain political, social and intellectual movements which variously affected party ...
15. Semiotics: 1983
Samuel Schneider Morris R. Cohen and Pragmaticism in Relation to A Semiotics of Law
...Morris R. Cohen and Pragmaticism in Relation to A Semiotics of Law ... 545 MORRIS R. COHEN AND PRAGMATICISM IN ... concentrate on the manner in which Cohen examined and clarified the ...
16. Thought: Volume > 13 > Issue: 1
M. F. X. Millar Philosophy of the Constitution
... England and the Congregationalists in N ew England, the social-contract theories of ... } the N ew England church covenants and the social contract theories of Locke and ... ? This would be to overthrow in fact what was established in theory; and \vould seem ...
17. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 8 > Issue: 11/12
Stanley R. Carpenter The Ethics of Sustainability: What Should Be Preserved
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I argue that irreducible multiple conceptions of moral obligation may be found in efforts to define "sustainability." Individualistic ethics currently dominate and will probably continue to shape discussions of natural resource depletion. Non-individualistic, organic ethics (such as defended by Edmund Burke), which focus on entire generations of humans, are useful for overcoming problems of intergenerational identification. Finally, however, an expansion of the purview of ethics to the entire biotic community, as suggested by Aldo Leopold, represents a third scale of concern and obligation. By means of an articulated, scalar bequest package, incorporating each of these disparate foci, I outline a hierarchical ethic of sustainability.
... Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean Jacques Rousseau with an organic theory. In a familiar ... Policy and the Further Future: The Social Discount Rate," pp. 31-37. In ... : The Social Discount Rate," pp. 31-37. In Energy and the Future ...
18. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 25 > Issue: 1
Delamar José Volpato Dutra Human Rights and the Debate on Legal Positivism
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This paper presents human rights in connection with the dispute between legal positivism and legal non-positivism. The importance of this topic can be evaluated by the debate that took place between Hart and Dworkin. Indeed, much of Dworkin’s work can be considered a reaction to Hart’s positivism. The presented study argues for the defense of the thesis that in order to understand such a debate it is important to take a position between moral noncognitivism and moral cognitivism. The hypothesis is that legal positivism does depend on the non plausibility of strong moral cognitivism. Therefore, only based on strong moral cognitivism would it be consistent to sustain the typical non-positivistic thesis of the necessary connection between law and morality. Human rights are in the center of this debate because they constitute the core of the current morality, especially the most important core of justice.
... morality. It is possible to find such a theory in Aquinas and ... . 3. THEORY AND PRACTICE OF HUMAN RIGHTS In the debate with ... , and the critical appraisal of law in terms of morals, social ...
19. Janus Head: Volume > 5 > Issue: 1
David Theo Goldberg Post-Racial States
... have us maximize in the absence of social security and in the ... reproduction of consent in one's social conditions and surroundings. What ... , their principal modes of rule and representation, their social ...
20. Thought: Volume > 31 > Issue: 1
Carl Brent Swisher The Achievement of John MarshalI
... his contract. . . . Any law which releases a part of this obligation, must, in ... contract did not impair the obligation of the contract. The obligation, in other words ... made in the contract. The obligation did not depend on what the legislature, at ...