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81.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Javier Echeverría
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The Erlanger Program of F. Klein ensures a ground for the ὲ́κθεσις procedure, which has not been much studied in the recent debates about geometrical analysis, but refers to a more general problem: the identity of a sign within a sign system, and the attempts of reduction of the mentioned system by another one. The exampIe considered is the reduction of the conics to characteristic rectangles realized by Apollonius. Starting from Klein and Apollonius, as weIl as from cartesian geometry, the figures are considered as geometric signs, and the proposed analysis of sign identity are conceived as models to follow in the analysis of identity of mathematical signs in general.
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82.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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José Ferrater Mora
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The article starts from previous contributions by the author about “Languages of History” (Dianoia, 1970), in which he distinguished three types of statements used by historians. In this context, he analyzes the various relationships between these three following languages (I, 11 and III): the positivist, the hermeneutic, and the recursive ones. After analyzing the two first ways in their strong and weak versions, the author decides in favour of the third one, in its weak or informal version.
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83.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Yon Pérez Laraudogoitia
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In this paper, we present a (propositionaI) modal-Iogic approximation to Quantum Mechanics from a reduced and characteristic number of “crucial experiments” and so independently of the lattice of subspaces of Hilbert space. Kripke’s semantics, which determinates this system, allows to define, from a new point of view, the notions of “measurement process” and “virtual world” and admits a natural interpretation which in turn can help us to understand the measurement problem. In this way, we can attempt a “many-worlds” interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, in the way of Everett.
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84.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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José M. Méndez
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A system S has the “converse Ackermann property” (C.A.P.) if (A -> B) -> C is unprovable in S whenever C is a propositional variable. In this paper we define the fragments with the C.A.P. of some well-know propositional systems in the spectrum between the minimal and classical logic. In the first part we succesively study the implicative and positive fragments and the full calculi. In the second, we prove by a matrix method that each one of the systems has the C.A.P. Thus, we think the problem proposed in Anderson & Belnap (1975) § 8.12 has been solved.
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85.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Yosu Yurramendi
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86.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Yosu Yurramendi
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We understand by data analysis the full set of methods which are used to point out the structural relations between certain objects and the characteristics observed in them. In the case where these characteristics admit a process of dichotomy, the relations can be expressed in terms of propositional logic.In the present paper, we endeavour to make clear the opposition between the problems of propositional logic and those of certain model utilised in data analysis: in propositional logic, we look for a solution verified by a given set of propositions; as long as we are concerned with data analysis, we look for a solution in terms of propositions which include as proper parts the observed objects.Finally, we draw the main lines of two very used methods which can be relevant with the aid of computer: the factor analysis and the automatic classification (cluster analysis).
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87.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Ernesto García Camarero
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The computer has three fundamental analogies with the human being (senses, memory and intelligence), but the coming out of the data bases announced a new form of language: the computer language. The data bases not only set several new technical and social problems, but moreover are modifying the traditional form of social memory, supported by paper, by changing it in a memory based on electronic means. This situation creates new forms of representation of knowledge to which the author gave attention in previous contributions with his SENECA project, in which computer language tries to give a synthesis of oral and written languages, with their respective advantages.
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88.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Jesús María Goñi Zabala
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89.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Jesús María Goñi Zabala
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90.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Carlos Minguez
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91.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Jesús-María Larrazábal
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92.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Javier Echeverría
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93.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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James Gasse
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94.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Juan José Olives
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95.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Ramón Soriano
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96.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Javier Echeverría
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97.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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98.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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99.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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Mary Sol de Mora
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100.
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Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science:
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James Gasser
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