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41.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Atle Midttun
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By highlighting the specific characteristics of corporate-responsibility(CR)-oriented public governance and juxtaposing them with more traditional regulatoryapproaches, this paper will highlight some of the issues, challenges and policy tools associated with this regulatory orientation. Through stylized examples the paper also illustrates how CR-oriented public governance, interfacing with CR-oriented business strategies may play itself out in the global economy.
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42.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Benjamin A. Neville,
Trevor Goddard
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When business organisations become involved in contributing to and resolving social issues, they enter areas traditionally seen as the purview of governments. In doing so, they begin to take on the expectations and responsibilities of government; they become politicised. This politicisation is a product of business’s success and power and appears largely unavoidable. Adopting Matten & Crane’s (2005a) extended view of corporate citizenship, business organisations’ responsibilities extend to the administration of citizens’ social, civil and political rights. We term these areas where business organisations take over the administration of citizenship rights as the social governance gap. Drawing upon the agenda of Margolis and Walsh (2003), we seek to enhance the understanding of how business navigates its responsibilities within the social governance gap, including its function as a significant actor influencing societal development and wellbeing. We do this through an exploration of Rio Tinto’s involvement in the WA Future Fund. This paper forms part of an introductory scoping case study of the Rio Tinto WA Future fund and its function as one of Rio Tinto’s diverse responses to community development issues in Western Australia.
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43.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Stephen Pavelin,
Lynda A. Porter
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This paper investigates the influence of innovation on the relationship between corporate strategy and social issues. Specifically, we employ firm-level data for a large sample of UK companies drawn from a diverse range of industrial sectors to investigate, given innovation, the determinants of both the probability that the innovation brings reduced environmental impacts and/or improved health and safety, and the strength of this effect. In this connection, we find evidence of a dichotomy between product and process innovations, and roles for firm size, industrial sector, a foreign market presence, access to various information sources (e.g., universities and government research organisations) and the extent to which activities are constrained by regulation. Furthermore, we find a tendency for the influences of many of these factors to vary between older and newer firms.
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44.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Linda C. Rodríguez
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This paper concerns the connection between perceived country risk and corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies and the communication of CSR strategychoices to consumers. This study incorporates the idea of explicit (voluntary) and implicit (regulated) CSR and presents possible CSR strategies that managers might choose based on risk. Using a convenience sample, this study finds that as managers perceive greater country risk, managers choose predominately compliance based CSR strategies. The purpose of this study is to understand strategies that managers choose based on perceived country risk and to recommend future research for CSR strategy implementation.
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45.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Angeloantonio Russo,
Antonio Tencati
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Recent research on corporate social responsibility (CSR) is suggesting the need for filling the knowledge gap in the relationship between small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs) and CSR. SMEs rarely use the language of CSR to describe what they are doing, but informal CSR strategies deeply characterize their businesses. The goal of this paper is to investigate whether a distinction exists between formal and informal CSR strategies, whereas formal CSR strategies should be a prerogative by large firms and informal CSR strategies should be a condition of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises. A sample of 3,626 Italian firms is used to investigate the research questions. Based on a multi-stakeholder framework, the analysis provides evidence that small businesses reveal their aptitude towards CSR through strategies with an important impact on the bottom line as an attempt to strengthen their license to operate in the communities; large firms are far away from integrating their CSR strategies with explicit management systems.
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46.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Davide Secchi,
Antonio Majocchi
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This paper focuses on social responsibilities of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The objective of the paper is to define propositions in order totest if and how the behavior of small companies depends on managerial tasks, and general environmental threats and opportunities. Broadly speaking, we try toanswer to the following questions. Is there a way to connect small companies’ attitudes towards social responsibility to the models of the businesses they run?Does socially responsible behavior depend on the specific industry or the local economic environment, more than on firm size?
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47.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Christian Thauer
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CSR-PPPs are a new and especially relevant phenomenon in today’s world politics. Little is known, however, about the effects of this “New Mode of GlobalGovernance”. The paper addresses this deficit and presents a theoretical model from which hypotheses about the effects of CSR-PPPs can be deduced. It furthermore illustrates the applicability of the model by generating hypotheses about the effectiveness of CSR initiatives in the large retailer industry sector.
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48.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Daniela Toro,
Joan Mundet
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This paper intends to make a revision of the academic literature that focuses social responsibility from a strategic view. In line with the previous ideas, the aim of this paper is to add itself to the group of researches that conceive CSR as an integral part of the business strategy. For this purpose it focuses on studying those relationships that may exist between the firm’s Business Strategy (BS) and the Social Strategy (SS). Based on the assumption that CSR can be strategic to the company and that its application will be based on a social strategy, this research project, wishes to study the way in which it is considered and understood in relation to the business strategy.
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49.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Carmen Valor
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This paper develops and tests a benchmark to evaluate the effort of the energy industry towards the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. Thebenchmark was tested with the Spanish energy companies operating in Argentina, Colombia and Mexico. The research concludes that there is still an informal effort to fight poverty in developing countries.
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50.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Judith van der Voort,
Lucas Meijs
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This article draws on the results of an inductive qualitative study on the microdynamics of framing corporate community involvement. Insight is provided into these dynamics by using the metaphor of a social movement and drawing on that literature’s framing perspective. Based on accounts of diverse organizational members, we identify several double edges in framing CCI as a strategic issue, and we develop a model that helps to understand why and how strategizing CCI may be controversial.
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51.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Duane Windsor
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This paper assesses Milton Friedman’s (1962, 1970) strongly negative view of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and his influence among managers and academics. The subtitle reflects the theme of the IABS 2007 conference: advising practitioners, illustrated by Machiavelli’s The Prince (1513). The paper develops two general arguments. The first argument is that Professor Friedman was a highly academic theoretician arguing the general merits of basically simple theoretical ideas. The second argument concerns advising practitioners. While Friedman’s advice is theoretical (i.e., abstract) rather than practical (i.e., pragmatic), this very characteristic may have increased his influence. There are important lessons to study concerning academic influence among practitioners. Simple ideas may facilitate dissemination and persuasiveness. It is thus worth studying Friedman’s approach to controversy.
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52.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Duane Windsor
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This paper explores an approach for formulating a prescriptive theory of the firm that integrates economic and ethical criteria to guide strategic and operationalconduct of managers. A prescriptive theory posits goal optimization. A “constrained multiple goal optimization” approach models the firm as a broad set of multiple goals and multiple constraints, the latter both internal and external. An exploration begins with no assumptions concerning whether economics and ethics are compatible or antithetical. If the two approaches are mutually reinforcing, a win-win situation obtains. If the two approaches are in win-lose conflict, a key issue is which approach is hierarchically superior or whether the two approaches can be weighted relatively.
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53.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Andrea K. Young
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This paper is designed to examine a practitioner oriented model for addressing ideas of corporate social responsibility and integrating those ideas into corporate strategy. Industry will be discussed as the appropriate level of analysis to assist managers in understanding their firm’s external environment and their approach to the more specific social environment. The industry-organization model is used to develop boundaries of competition and social responses. The five forces model will be extended to apply to the social environment and will include industry dimensions, stakeholders, social issues, managerial attention and social impacts.
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54.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Frances M. Amatucci,
Albert H. Mercer
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Decreasing philanthropic funding from governments and foundations and increasing social needs are putting pressure on nonprofits to generate financial resources in more entrepreneurial ways. This type of social innovation within the nonprofit sector can be facilitated through collaborative alliances with universities, corporations and other public/private partnerships. This paper presents a case study of a university partnership between Institute of Social Innovation at Carnegie Mellon University and the Pittsburgh Social Innovation Accelerator.
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55.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Lisa Calvano
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Using a case study approach, this paper documents and analyzes the development of an innovative business owned and operated by an indigenous community in the Ecuadorian Amazon. The enterprise represents a unique response to issues of environmental sustainability and economic development in a region threatened by oil production. Two research questions are examined: 1) what confluence of factors led a traditional and collectivist community to develop a successful business; and 2) what positive outcomes resulted in terms of environmental and economic sustainability.
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56.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Frederik Dahlmann,
Stephen Brammer,
Andrew Millington
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In this article we explore the state of current ESCM practices in U.K. companies. We develop a conceptual framework that draws upon the stakeholder,resource-based, and power-dependence perspectives and examine this framework in light of empirical evidence concerning ESCM in 166 UK companies. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, our evidence suggests that around 50% of sample companies engage in some form of ESCM activity and that experiencing significant external pressure from customers is an important driver of ESCM.
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57.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Martin Freedman,
A.J. Stagliano
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This research concerns accountability by the U.S. electric utility industry for the financial impacts of cap-and-trade emissions allowance activity. We report findings from an extensive examination of disclosure practices for more than 100 facilities that were required to curb pollutant discharges and participate in a government-mandated program of emission allowance distribution and trading.
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58.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Bryan W. Husted,
Ivan Montiel
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This study analyzes the adoption and performance implications of two certified management standards in Mexico. Basing our predictions on strategic balance theory we find that those firms seeking for higher levels of differentiation or legitimacy show inferior environmental performance that firms demonstrating higher strategic balance.
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59.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Matias Laine,
Hannele Mäkelä,
Salme Näsi,
Oana Apostol
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| cited by
The study provides insights on why large Finnish municipalities are engaging in sustainability reporting. The dataset consists of the sustainability disclosures of five large Finnish cities and of a set of interviews conducted with the personnel responsible for composing the sustainability reports in these cities. Preliminary findings suggest that this rising practice is again an example of a fad, arising as the public sector organizations mimic the corporate sector without anyone really pondering whether the municipalities and the public sector as a whole truly need a similar practice the corporations have. We maintain that there are better ways to use a municipality’s scarce resources than imitating the corporate sustainability reporting practices through producing a sustainability report, the main task of which seems to be to exist.
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60.
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Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society:
2007
Monica Macquet
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This paper highlights alternative responsible business models with an outspoken and profound dedication to contribute to a sustainable development. Themarket of alternatives and their networking activities to make the alternative market grow will be discussed in terms of programs and anti-programs. Another issue brought up is their ability to stick to the responsible knitting, as they grow and develops in a capitalistic market surrounding.
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