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1. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1

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2. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Michael Gorman

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Subjectivism about normativity (SN) is the view that norms are never intrinsic to things but are instead always imposed from without. After clarifying what SN is, I argue against it on the basis of its implications concerning intentionality. Intentional states with the mind-to-world direction of fit are essentially norm-subservient, i.e., essentially subject to norms such as truth, coherence, and the like. SN implies that nothing is intrinsically an intentional state of the mind-to-world sort: its being such a state is only a status relative to the imposition of a norm. If one rejects this view of mind-to-world states, then one has grounds for rejecting SN itself. If one accepts it, an infinite regress arises that makes it impossible for norms to be imposed, which means that SN has undermined itself.
3. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Pascal Massie

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The diversity of interpretations of Aristotle’s treatment of chance and luck springs from an apparent contradiction between the claims that “chance events are for the sake of something” and that “chance events are not for the sake of their outcome.” Chance seems to entail the denial of an end. Yet Aristotle systematically refers it to what is for the sake of an end. This paper suggests that, in order to give an account of chance, a reference to “per accidens causes” is not sufficient. Chance occurs as a parody of teleology; it is a“for-no-purpose” that looks like a purpose. The notion of “irony” is suggested as a way of accounting for a situation that keeps an ambiguity open. The fact that chance is thought of in relation to teleology does not mean that it is “reappropriated” by teleology. Rather,chance reveals a hiatus that betrays the limitation of a language concerned with substances to account for events.
4. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Robert Piercey

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It is often argued that a study of the history of philosophy is not itself philosophical. Philosophy, it is claimed, is an active, productive enterprise, whereas history is taken to be imitative and therefore passive. My aim in this paper is to argue against this view of the history of philosophy. First, I describe a famous criticism of historians of philosophy—Kant’s critique of the “spirit of imitation.” I claim that the source of this criticism is the received view of mimesis. Since the received view has been widely discredited, I propose a different one—one that sees imitation not as passive but as active. Finally, I suggest that adopting this new view of mimesis demands that we rethink what it means for a history of philosophy to be true. And I propose that the philosophical hermeneutics of Hans-Georg Gadamer might help us to do so.
5. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Duncan Pritchard

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Perhaps the most influential proposal in the recent literature on the epistemology of religious belief has been Alvin Plantinga’s anti-evidentialist contention that we should treat certain religious beliefs as properly basic. In order to support this anti-skeptical maneuver, Plantinga (along with other “reformed” epistemologists such as William Alston) has looked to the kind of anti-evidentialist model that is standardly offered as regards the epistemology of perceptual belief and has claimed that there are sufficient analogies between perceptual experience and religious experience to motivate the use of such a model in religious epistemology. It is argued here, however, that while Plantinga et al. are right to draw our attention to these analogies, in doing so they have failed to pay due attention to important disanalogies that exist between religious and perceptual experience. Moreover, I contend that these disanalogies have epistemological ramifications that require subtle modifications to the reformed epistemology thesis. In particular, following a suggestion made by Keith DeRose, I argue that reformed epistemology would be better modelled along explicitly virtue-theoretic lines.
6. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
John Zeis

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In his Inductive Inference and Its Natural Ground: An Essay in Naturalistic Epistemology, Hilary Kornblith presents an argument for the justification of induction that is bold, brilliant, and plausible, but radically incomplete. In the development of this position, Kornblith relies heavily on the philosophical work of Richard Boyd as well as on some empirical psychological studies. As Kornblith sees it, the philosophical position entailed by his proposed solution to the problem is a thoroughgoing, realistic, scientific materialism. I will argue that the brand of realism that Kornblith’s solution to the problem of induction presupposes is inexplicable within the context of the non-reductive materialism that he espouses. Although Kornblith provides us with valuable elements for a solution to the problem of induction, it needs to be supplemented with something like a renovated Aristotelian notion of form in order for the solution to be plausible.
7. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Michael Baur

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One of the defining characteristics of Kant’s “critical philosophy” is what has been called the “critique of immediacy” or the rejection of the “myth of the given.” According to the Kantian position, no object can count as an object for a human knower apart from the knower’s own activity or spontaneity. That is, no object can count as an object for a human knower on the basis of the object’s givenness alone. But this gives rise to a problem: how is it possible to accept the Kantian critique of immediacy while also giving an epistemologically adequate account of the constrained or finite character of human knowing (i.e., an account that does not rely on some appeal to what is simply “given”)? This paper examines how this crucial question is addressed (with more or less success) in the “critical philosophies” of Kant, Lonergan, and Fichte.

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8. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
John M. Rist

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9. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Christopher Martin

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10. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Stephen R. Grimm

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11. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
W. Norris Clarke

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12. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Michael Baur

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13. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Jack Zupko

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14. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Howard Robinson

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15. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Christopher Cullen

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16. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Alan Malachowski

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17. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1
Robert J. Parmach

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18. International Philosophical Quarterly: Volume > 43 > Issue: 1

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